How to Care for Wool

Wool is a natural fiber known for its exceptional warmth, softness, and breathability. Highly regarded for its insulating properties and long-lasting quality, wool is often used to make garments for cool and cold weather — such as sweaters, scarves, coats, and suits. With thoughtful care, wool clothing can remain in excellent condition for many years, retaining its texture, shape, and appearance even through frequent wear. Understanding how to clean, dry, and store wool correctly is key to maximizing the life of your favorite wool garments.

Understanding Wool

Wool fibers come from the fleece of animals like sheep, alpacas, and goats. These fibers have natural elasticity and insulating properties, making wool both comfortable and protective in colder climates. However, wool is highly sensitive to heat, friction, and moisture, which can cause it to shrink, felt, or become misshapen. Improper handling may also make the fabric rough or itchy. Additionally, wool is susceptible to moth damage if stored improperly, especially when stored dirty or in humid environments.

Washing Wool

• Hand Wash is Preferred: Most wool items are best cared for with a gentle hand wash. Fill a clean basin or sink with cool water and add a small amount of wool-specific detergent. Submerge the garment and gently move it around without wringing or twisting. Allow it to soak for 5–10 minutes before rinsing thoroughly in cool water.
• Machine Wash (If Labeled): Some wool items may be labeled "machine washable" or "superwash wool." In these cases, use the wool or delicate cycle on your washing machine with cold water and place the garment inside a mesh laundry bag to protect it from stretching or snagging. Always use a detergent specifically formulated for wool, as regular detergents can strip the fibers' natural oils.
• Avoid: Never use hot water, bleach, or harsh chemical cleaners on wool. Fabric softeners and regular detergents can damage the structure of the fibers. If possible, skip the spin cycle to prevent mechanical agitation, which may cause felting or shrinkage.

Drying Wool

• Never Tumble Dry: Wool should never go in the dryer. The high heat and tumbling motion will likely cause irreversible shrinkage and damage to the garment's shape and structure.
• Lay Flat to Dry: After washing, lay the wool garment flat on a clean, dry towel. Gently roll the towel with the garment inside to remove excess water. Then, lay it flat again on a new dry towel or drying rack, reshaping the garment to its original form. This helps maintain its fit and prevents stretching.
• Away from Heat: Do not place wool items near heaters, radiators, or in direct sunlight. High temperatures can cause the fibers to become brittle or shrunken over time. Choose a cool, shaded, and well-ventilated area for drying instead.

Ironing Wool

• Use Steam: Wool responds very well to steam, which helps release wrinkles without applying direct pressure to the fibers. A handheld garment steamer or steam iron can be used from a short distance to refresh the fabric and eliminate creases gently.
• Low to Medium Heat: If ironing is necessary, set the iron to a low or medium wool-safe setting. Always use a pressing cloth — such as a clean cotton towel or pillowcase — between the iron and the garment to avoid direct heat exposure and shiny marks on the fabric.
• Iron While Damp: Wool is easier to press when slightly damp. Lay the garment flat and gently press with the iron using minimal pressure. Do not drag the iron across the fabric, as this can stretch or distort the fibers.

Storing Wool

• Clean Before Storing: Always clean wool items before storing them for the season. Moths are particularly attracted to organic materials such as sweat, food particles, and natural oils left on worn garments. Washing before storage significantly reduces the risk of infestation.
• Fold, Don’t Hang: Wool garments, especially heavy knits like sweaters, should be folded rather than hung. Hanging can cause them to stretch out or develop shoulder marks. Use acid-free tissue paper to help retain shape and reduce creasing during storage.
• Use Breathable Storage: Avoid plastic bags or containers that trap moisture. Instead, opt for cotton storage bags, canvas boxes, or breathable fabric containers that allow for air circulation while protecting the garment from dust and pests.
• Repel Moths: Place natural moth deterrents like cedarwood blocks, lavender sachets, or herbal moth repellents in your storage area. These help discourage insects without relying on chemical mothballs, which may have strong odors or leave residue.

Wool is a timeless and valuable material that offers both function and fashion. From cozy winter knits to tailored wool coats, these garments can be enjoyed for many years when properly maintained. By adopting gentle washing methods, careful drying, and protective storage habits, you can keep your wool pieces in beautiful condition and enjoy their warmth and quality season after season.